Pompe de cale : une pompe nécessaire pour bateau

Pompes de calesont les plus importants pour un navire car ils maintiennent le bateau à flot. Il existe deux types de base :centrifugeetdiaphragme. 

Pompes centrifugesutilisent des turbines et sont généralement alimentés électriquement ou mécaniquement. Ils dépendent d'une source électrique ou d'une puissance mécanique directe provenant de l'arbre du moteur ou du générateur. Lors de l'installation de pompes électriques, les connexions de câblage sont essentielles. Les connexions doivent être étanches et solidement fixées aussi loin que possible pour éviter toute interférence avec la pompe et/ou l'interrupteur à flotteur.

Some electric marine pumps include an internal float switch which, of course, activates the pump when water rises. These are usually smaller pumps, and the internal switch design can render them more susceptible to blockage and sticking due to bilge debris. Most bilge pumps require a separate float switch allowing easy testing of the switch and pump (manually lifting the switch arm) and separate installation positions for the switch and pump. For example; wisdom holds that two pumps may be better than one. Both pumps can be strategically located in the bilge, but the switch for one pump can be higher than the other. This allows automatic operation of only one pump for regular duty, thereby reducing current draw and the life of only the one pump. As any long time boater knows, emergencies happen. When water intake exceeds the capabilities of the primary pump, the higher switch will activate the back-up pump.  

There are many type of centrifugal pump can meet the requirement.  vertical pump( CLH, CLZ, CQX ) horitontal pump (CWZ, CWL, CIS) etc.

 For smaller boats or those without power such as sailboats, rowing boats, etc., a manual suction or type de diaphragmefonctionne bien. Ces pompes peuvent être peu coûteuses et portables. Ils ont également l'avantage de ne pas être facilement bloqués par des débris dans la cale. Ils sont fiables et fonctionnent très bien tant que vous pouvez les alimenter. Le problème est que, sur les plus gros bateaux, combien de temps pouvez-vous gérer les pompes ? Bien que ces pompes puissent également être alimentées mécaniquement ou électriquement, elles sont généralement plus grandes et plus lourdes, de sorte que les pompes centrifuges sont le choix courant ; mais les options sont bonnes. Le cas échéant, considérez les deux types.

This brings us to another point. When purchasing pumps, do not skimp; as important as life jackets, rafts, ELT's and VHF's can be in an emergency, the good bilge pump is often your first line of defense against losing a boat and sometimes more. At the very least, in a flooding situation, good pumps can buy you time for options.

It is important to understand that advertised marine pump ratings in gallons per hour (GPH) are not accurate for normal use. Pumps are tested and rated in laboratory conditions with short outflow pipes on the horizontal. Under actual conditions we have to consider "head" which means overcoming both the friction of the outflow tubing and gravity to raise the water to the through-hull fitting. Common bilge pump tubing is a corrugated design which creates a great deal of friction. Smooth bore tubing is more expensive, but better.

Also, consider friction loss as outflow is restricted at the smaller diameter through-hull fitting. Now we have to lift the water from the bilge to overboard, usually through a through-hull fitting. Holes in a boat near the water line are to be avoided as much as possible. The through-hulls for your pumps should be at least eight inches above the waterline. For mono hull sailors, don't forget you're going to heel. For small boaters or commercial applications, remember that the water line will be higher if you heavily load the boat. You should always use a "safety loop" when piping overboard. That is, the piping should be looped higher than the through-hull to prevent water coming in if the through-hull is submerged. This loop, of course, increases the head, so it must be considered when choosing a pump.